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Once the oil rig product is set up and in place, the crew starts the drilling operation. Above in which the geologists have predicted the oil trap is located, a starter hole is drilled to the surface hole and down to a pre-set depth. You will find a few basic steps to drilling the surface hole. First the drill bit is positioned within the collar and drill pipe inside the hole. The kelly is mounted on the turntable and drilling begins. As drilling progresses, mud is circulated using the pipe and from the bit to float the rock cuttings out of the hole. New sections are added to the drill pipes since the hole gets deeper. Lastly, the drill pipe, collar and bit are removed once the pre-set depth is reached that’s generally from a few hundred along with a couple-thousand feet.

Once the pre-set depth is reached, the crew must run and cement the casing which involves placing the casing-pipe sections into the hole to avoid it from collapsing in on itself. To maintain it centered inside the hole, casing pipe has spacers around the outside. The casing crew puts the casing pipe within the hole. Utilizing a bottom plug, a cement slurry, a high plug and drill mud, the cement crew pumps cement down the casing pipe.

The pressure in the drill mud causes the cement slurry to move with the casing and fill the area between your outside the casing and the hole. Finally, the cement is permitted to harden after which tested for hardness, alignment and a proper seal. This describes the method of drilling that’s been employed for years. The oil industry and the U.S. Department of Energy are working to drill oil with new drilling technologies, including horizontal drilling techniques, to achieve oil under ecologically-sensitive areas, and using lasers to drill.